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The Humanitarian Crisis in Syria 2023: A Forgotten War

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The Humanitarian Crisis in Syria 2023: A Forgotten War

Has the World Forgotten Syria?

2023 marks almost 12 years since the peaceful uprising in Syria turned into an aggressive conflict provoking a regional humanitarian crisis. Since the offset, parties to the conflict have flagrantly violated human rights and international human rights law protections. 15.3 million people are expected to require humanitarian aid in 2023. This is a 1.9 million increase from 2021.

The estimated death toll is 400,000 people. However, reports suggest that this number underestimates the actual death toll. 12.3 million have been forced to flee the country, according to United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, with 6.7 million currently internally displaced in Syria. As a result, Europe and neighbouring countries have endured significant pressure.

What is happening in Syria in January 2023?

Authorities Unlawfully Violate Civilian’s Rights

Syrian security forces and government-affiliated militias continue to detain, disappear, and mistreat civilians arbitrarily. Vulnerable groups such as children, people with disabilities, and the elderly living in retaken areas have signed so-called “reconciliation agreements”. However, their rights continue to be violated. Moreover, authorities unlawfully confiscate property and restrict freedom of movement to areas of origin for returning Syrian refugees.

In September 2022, the chair of the United Nations Independent International Commission of Inquiry (COI) on Syria warned that larger-scale fighting might return.

Syria is Unsafe For Returning Refugees

Syria remains unsafe for returning refugees. Even though intelligence services are not bombing some parts of Syria daily, at any moment, the regime can attack any house and kill, arrest, rape, torture or steal money from any family.

Syrians cannot fight back as the regime will not be held accountable for their actions. Despite this, countries such as Turkey and Lebanon began advocating for large-scale returns of Syrian refugees in 2022.

Millions Face Starvation and Denied Basic Human Rights

Currently, Idlib stands as the last anti-government territory in Syria. Despite a ceasefire, the Syrian-Russian military alliance still poses a threat to over 3 million civilians trapped in this territory. The anti-government armed groups continuously restrict their freedoms and deny the people their fundamental human rights.

Throughout 2022 the government diverted humanitarian aid from civilians as Syrians faced the worst economic crisis since the conflict began in 2011. Thus, millions face starvation and are malnourished with minimal access to food and clean water. Shockingly, an estimated 90% of Syrians lived below the poverty, and more than 600,000 children were chronically malnourished in 2022. A deadly cholera outbreak spread across northern Syria, leading to fears that it may reach other parts of the country.  

Furthermore, electricity and fuel shortages resulted in millions of people without access to essential healthcare services. Moreover, the Syrian pound fell to record lows resulting in many state agencies being closed for several days at a time.

ISIS’s Territorial Defeat

Turkey and local factions continuously violate human rights in Turkish-occupied territories with impunity. Following ISIS’s territorial defeat in northeast Syria, Kurdish-led authorities and the US-led coalition have yet to provide compensation for civilian casualties, offer support for identifying the fate of those kidnapped by ISIS, or address the tens of thousands of former ISIS family members that are trapped in camps and prisons. Consequently, this has led to a deteriorating security situation and higher risks of re-radicalization of those who escape.

Read more: The Repatriation of ISIS Children Detained in Camps in Northeast Syria 2022.

Caption: Sanaa with her children outside their tent in Fafin camp, northern rural Aleppo struggling to survive in Syria's humanitarian crisis © UNICEF/UN0401391/Almatar.
Caption: Sanaa with her children outside their tent in Fafin camp, northern rural Aleppo struggling to survive in Syria’s humanitarian crisis © UNICEF/UN0401391/Almatar.

Bashar al-Assad Continues to Violate Human Rights

Syrian President Bashar al-Assad, backed by Iran and Russia, has emerged militarily victorious from the ongoing war. In May 2021, Bashar al-Assad secured a fourth term as president, meaning he will serve until 2028.

Moreover, the presidential elections did not occur under the auspices of the United Nations-led political process. Thus, the elections failed to adhere to standards for free and fair elections.

The Assad regime caused brutal repression, war crimes and crimes against humanity. Assad has used chemical weapons such as chlorine gas against civilians and conducted torture and extrajudicial killings. Assad used disproportionate aerial bombardment and shelling, resulting in millions of civilian casualties and trauma. There are ongoing international condemnation and widespread calls to convict Assad in the International Criminal Court (ICC). However, Syria has become a forgotten conflict in which the Assad regime’s crimes go unpunished.

Pederson’s “Six-Point Agenda”

Geir O. Pedersen of Norway, the UN Special Envoy for Syria, has appealed to the UN Council to shift these worrying dynamics by outlining a “six-point agenda” moving forward in 2023.

  • Point 1: Stepping back from escalation and restoring relative calm on the ground.  
  • Point 2: Renew its framework to provide unfettered humanitarian access to all Syrians who require assistance.
  • Point 3: Resume the meetings of the Syrian Constitutional Committee.
  • Point 4: Pushing for the release of detained, disappeared and missing persons.
  • Point 5: Improving and increasing dialogue towards identifying and implementing initial step-for-step confidence-building measures with Syrian stakeholders and international actors. 
  • Point 6: Increasing engagement with Syrian civil society, including the Syrian Women’s Advisory Board. 

Western Media’s Selective Empathy to Humanitarian Crises

The Western media portrayed “selective empathy” towards various countries facing war and violence. Russia’s invasion of Ukraine is classified as “different”. Europeans considered Ukrainians as more “civilized” than those suffering in countries like Yemen, Libya, Ethiopia, Palestine and Syria. People on social media are now classifying the 2015 “refugee crisis” as a “racist crisis”.

Read more: Syria: A Growing Humanitarian Crisis Amid the Russia-Ukraine Conflict.

The despicable selective empathy, double standards and discrimination have uncovered a deep-rooted undertone of injustice across Western media. The West has ethnicity, “whiteness” and location as driving forces behind the amount of empathy shown.

Caption: A Tweet by the Telegraph showing an example of Western media’s selective empathy towards humanitarian crises.

Read more: Children in Syria with no Future.

International Actors Influencing Syria’s Humanitarian Crisis

Russia, Turkey, the United States, and Iran willingly provide military and financial aid to warring factions and allow the hostilities to continue with impunity across Syria.

Israel frequently conducted aerial strikes in Syria, in places such as Aleppo and Damascus airports, in 2022. According to the UN, the Israeli attack on Damascus International Airport in June 2022 disrupted the UN aid supply for approximately two weeks.

Concluding Thoughts

After nearly 12 years of conflict, Syrians need hope for the future. Syria’s forgotten conflict must be addressed before a catastrophic deterioration is reached in 2023.

Millions are desperately in need of humanitarian aid and are suffering. Syria is on the verge of another “flare-up” that could lead to the return of a large-scale war. Millions are dying in displacement camps as resources are becoming scarcer. Furthermore, donor fatigue is rising as other conflicts, and wars like Ukraine dominate media headlines.

We must continue to support UN cross-border humanitarian assistance in Northwest Syria and urge the members of the UN Security Council to renew the cross-border resolution. Moreover, as mentioned above, Pederson’s six-point agenda is imperative in alleviating the desperate humanitarian disaster that has been unfolding in Syria for many years.

Syria’s forgotten conflict must be of top international concern, and international human rights protections must be respected.

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Beyond Gaza: How Israel’s Expanding Wars Are Devastating the Middle East

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In Southern Lebanon, families can see the hills surrounding their villages but cannot go home. Israeli soldiers still occupy nearby ground, and houses continue to disappear beneath explosives and bulldozers. When it comes to Syria, farmers face Israeli checkpoints on familiar land. Farther east, Iran is living with the consequences of an unprovoked conflict that was launched by Israel and the United States together.

Though the conflicts differ, they raise one urgent question: How far might Gaza’s genocide, destruction, and displacement spread?

Gaza’s Genocide Has Become a Regional Warning

The scale of devastation in Gaza provides the clearest reason to take that question seriously. Israel’s military campaign has devastated hospitals and homes and repeatedly displaced innocent Palestinian families. Even the October 2025 ceasefire has not brought an end to these lethal, genocidal attacks.

The United Nations Commission of Inquiry’s findings addressed killings, serious harm and the deliberate creation of destructive living conditions, alongside evidence of genocidal intent.

Israel is looking to grab regional power. To make a greater Israel, it can cross any boundaries. The current Middle East war and the situation in Gaza and the West Bank are manifestations of Israel’s heinous designs to obliterate the region.

Lebanon’s Yellow Line Leaves Villages Beyond Reach

Unfortunately, Southern Lebanon offers the most disturbing comparison. Israel’s renewed invasion and bombardment during this year is a reflection of how far it can reach. The ensuing fighting displaced more than 1.2 million people in Lebanon.

However, a June framework for phased Israeli withdrawal promised a path towards restoring Lebanese control. Instead, troops retained positions behind a so-called Yellow Line, a term also used for Israeli-controlled territory in Gaza. An investigation also documented continued demolitions and described around 50 frontline villages left devastated.

In West Zawtar, about 70 families had returned by early October, despite damaged homes and missing services. From across the valley, residents watched Israeli forces demolish buildings in East Zawtar. Their farmers struggled to access olive groves, while surveillance drones circled overhead. It is unfortunate to see how a supposed model for withdrawal had become a landscape of uncertainty.

Syria Faces Raids, Detentions and a New Occupation

In Syria, Israel expanded its military presence after Bashar al-Assad’s government fell in December 2024. Troops entered the UN-monitored buffer zone beside the occupied Golan Heights and illegally established positions farther into southern Syria.

Residents of Quneitra and Daraa now describe raids, restricted roads, detentions, and damaged farmland. Syrians also protested incursions near the Golan Heights after reports of bulldozed olive groves and new checkpoints by Israel. For farming families, restricted fields eventually mean lost livelihoods.

A September UN investigation report identified 49 Syrians, including two children, illegally detained by Israeli forces and transferred across the border. Investigators warned that some actions could constitute war crimes. Israel says its deployment is temporary, necessary for security, and carries no territorial ambition. Syrian authorities and the UN dispute the legitimacy of the incursions.

Iran’s War Spreads Its Costs Beyond the Battlefield

On February 28, 2026, Israel and the United States jointly launched numerous strikes against Iran, beginning an unprovoked conflict that has shaken the wider region. Iranian counterattacks followed against US assets and infrastructure in Gulf countries, while fighting intensified in Lebanon.

The consequences reach well beyond the armed forces as Iranian families have endured casualties, damaged infrastructure and mounting economic pressure. International shipping through the Strait of Hormuz has been largely disrupted, pushing energy prices higher and exposing households throughout the region to rising costs.

This was eventually an unprovoked war on Iran, started by Israel and supported by the United States. After igniting the flames, Israel wants to gradually get away from this but is still passively supporting the wider conflict between Iran and the United States.

Yemen and Saudi Arabia Are Drawn Deeper Into the Crisis

The Israel-led war’s ripple effects now extend across the Arabian Peninsula. Israel has previously struck Houthi-controlled targets in Yemen, while the Houthis have attacked Israel and commercial shipping. Their separate conflict with Saudi-backed Yemeni forces also began long before the February 2026 assault on Iran.

By October, renewed Houthi missile and drone attacks had prompted Saudi interceptions and emergency alerts. Threats to airports and energy infrastructure are escalating. The renewed fighting also jeopardizes the Bab al-Mandeb shipping route and threatens families in Yemen, already exhausted by years of war.

Though Israel does not directly wage these conflicts, its military confrontation with Iran and allied groups is part of the escalation reshaping this fragile region.

In a nutshell, the evidence from Lebanon and Syria warrants independent investigation, just as the genocide findings in Gaza demand action rather than indifference.

In fact, for families waiting beside demolished villages or fleeing another round of airstrikes, the immediate demand is simpler: safety, the right to return, and a future that is not repeatedly erased by war.

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Israel’s AI Surveillance Is Turning Palestinian Daily Life Into a Digital Checkpoint

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In Hebron, an innocent Palestinian may face a facial scan before crossing a checkpoint. The AI-powered camera can compare that image with a lot of Israel’s records and help determine whether passage is allowed. Elsewhere, conversations and phone locations become intelligence, while algorithms help identify potential targets in Gaza.

Since Israel’s occupation increasingly operates through data as well as soldiers and barriers, a journey or phone call may generate dubious information Palestinians cannot see, correct, or refuse.

The Checkpoint That Knows Your Face

Hebron’s Old City offers a stark illustration of digital control. Israeli authorities have long imposed restrictions on Palestinians moving through its H2 area, where settlers and Palestinian residents live under sharply different rules.

A 2023 Amnesty International investigation documented Red Wolf, a facial recognition system used at military checkpoints. It scans Palestinians without their consent, compares their faces with stored images, and can affect permission to pass.

Red Wolf connects to a wider architecture of AI surveillance as follows:

  • Wolf Pack stores information about Palestinians, including addresses and family connections.
  • Blue Wolf lets Israeli soldiers retrieve records through handheld devices conveniently.
  • Red Wolf links biometric scans to checkpoint decisions and adds new faces to databases.

On the other hand, illegal Israeli settlers travelling nearby do not face comparable checkpoint requirements. The technology deepens an already unequal system.

A Landscape of Gates, Cameras and Lost Time

Digital surveillance becomes more consequential when movement is already restricted. A UN humanitarian assessment identified 925 movement obstacles across the occupied West Bank as of December 2025, including 89 permanently staffed checkpoints. Moreover, 32 of those checkpoints were in Hebron’s H2 area.

Eventually, these obstacles reshape ordinary days. Facial recognition adds another layer: someone waiting in line becomes a record in a surveillance system. A mistaken identification may carry consequences without meaningful recourse for the entire family.

Even a Private Conversation Becomes Intelligence

Illegal surveillance no longer stops at faces. A comprehensive study by Palestinian digital rights group 7amleh, titled Captive Voices, examines the interception, storage and algorithmic analysis of Palestinians’ spoken communications.

Voice data can reveal far more than the words exchanged. It may expose relationships, routines, emotional states and social networks. When such material is gathered without consent, personal conversations become another source of information for intelligence agencies.

The report also examines a hidden cloud infrastructure that can store and process recordings. So, the possibility of constant listening can encourage silence, undermining freedom to speak, organize, and maintain private relationships.

When an Algorithm Looks for Homes to Demolish

An Al Jazeera investigation held in September 2026 described ImiSight, an AI-assisted system that compares aerial imagery to detect changes in buildings and terrain. Israeli authorities are extending this approach into the occupied West Bank.

Although an algorithm cannot order a demolition on its own, it can identify structures faster, expanding an enforcement system that already threatens Palestinian homes and livelihoods.

When Algorithms Help Decide Who May Be Bombed

In Gaza, surveillance has intersected with decisions carrying immediate risks to human life. Human Rights Watch examined several Israeli military tools that process personal information and help plan genocidal attacks:

  • Lavender rates people according to suspected links with Palestinian groups.
  • The Gospel generates lists of structures considered potential targets.
  • Where’s Daddy? alerts operators when a person marked as a target reaches a location, often a family home.

These systems are not designed to independently launch weapons. Israeli leadership remains responsible for attack decisions. Yet automated assessments can create an appearance of certainty where the underlying data is incomplete, biased, or inaccurate.

Certainly, a phone’s estimated location cannot reliably establish where its owner is standing. Nor does an algorithmic suspicion score prove that a civilian is a lawful military target. Treating such outputs as decisive risks devastating mistakes, particularly in crowded residential areas.

The Digital Dimension of a Genocidal Campaign

The consequences of surveillance must be understood alongside the destruction Palestinians have experienced in Gaza through Israel’s genocide since October 2023.

This creates a grave question about technology’s role in a wider campaign of destruction. Surveillance does not, by itself, constitute genocide, but digital systems used to identify people, track displacement, or support genocidal attacks can contribute to it.

The UN commission warned that evidence raised concern about genocidal intent extending beyond Gaza into the occupied West Bank. That warning deserves particular attention as biometric controls and automated land monitoring become more deeply embedded in Palestinian life.

Who Is Accountable for the Data?

Responsibility does not disappear inside an algorithm. Israel’s leadership and military is responsible for the heinous genocide the world usually witness after centuries.

For innocent Palestinians, genuine digital freedom means more than keeping a password private. It means being able to move, communicate and live without discriminatory monitoring or the threat that an opaque calculation could shape their fate.

The camera at a checkpoint and the software behind a military screen may seem far removed from one another. Both reveal how illegal control over personal data can become control over everyday life—and, in the most dangerous circumstances, life itself.

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Gaza’s Food Supplies Are Being Choked Again as Israel Halts Commercial Deliveries

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For Palestinian families in Gaza, finding enough food has become a daily struggle. It is ultimately shaped by food shortages, soaring prices, and the uncertainty of whether supplies will arrive tomorrow. Unfortunately, after three years of Israel’s continuous genocide, many households have lost their incomes, farmland, and savings. It has left them increasingly dependent on humanitarian assistance and whatever remains available in local markets.

Recently, this fragile supply system suffered another setback when commercial deliveries of fresh produce, meat, and other essential goods stopped entering Gaza through key Israeli-controlled routes. Consequently, this deliberate interruption immediately raised many fears.

Israel’s Commercial Supply Restrictions Threaten Gaza’s Markets

Apparently, the latest interruption began under the cover of a dispute over payments imposed on merchants transporting goods into Gaza. But the real motive of Israel is to further accelerate genocidal activities in Gaza.

The disagreement remains unresolved, but its consequences extend directly to the innocent civilians. Nevertheless, Israel’s control over Gaza’s principal commercial crossings leaves Palestinian traders and consumers extremely vulnerable whenever access is interrupted. Fresh vegetables, fruit, meat, and other perishable products require regular deliveries, particularly where refrigeration and storage facilities have greatly been damaged.

Gaza’s Hunger Crisis Remains Far From Over

The latest restrictions come despite numerous international warnings that improvements in Gaza’s food security remain extremely fragile.

On October 16, Gaza’s Health Ministry stated that 466 Palestinians had died from starvation and malnutrition since 2024, with children accounting for approximately one-third of those deaths. The ministry also estimated that 74,200 children would require treatment for acute malnutrition through April 2027.

According to the Integrated Food Security Phase Classification (IPC), more than 1.4 million Palestinians, representing 67% of Gaza’s population, are projected to experience Crisis-level food insecurity or worse between July and December 2026. Resultantly, around 212,000 people are projected to face Emergency-level conditions.

Although these projections cover several months, they demonstrate how vulnerable the population remains despite improvements following the October 2025 ceasefire.

The latest Al Jazeera report on Gaza’s malnutrition crisis also highlights rising nutritional problems among pregnant women and children, reinforcing concerns that disrupted supplies could reverse recent progress.

Food Prices Are Making Survival Increasingly Expensive

Ultimately, the presence of food in Gaza’s markets does not necessarily mean families can afford to buy it.

According to the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA), average market prices during September remained approximately 204% above their pre-October 2023 levels. This means essential goods were, on average, costing roughly three times as much as before Israel’s genocide began.

These figures reflect a fragile economy where destroyed businesses, widespread unemployment and severely reduced household earnings have left families with little purchasing power.

Children Are Paying the Highest Nutritional Price

The consequences of inadequate food extend far beyond empty stomachs, particularly for innocent children whose growth and development entirely depend on balanced diets.

In a report, UNICEF warned that only one in three children under two was receiving the minimum recommended dietary diversity. Earlier assessments found chronic malnutrition affecting approximately one in eight children under five.

The Health Ministry of Gaza also reported that anaemia among pregnant women had increased from 41% before October 2023 to 61% in 2026.

Such nutritional deficiencies can weaken immunity, complicate pregnancy, and affect children’s development, especially when access to healthcare is limited.

Winter Could Turn Food Shortages Into a Deeper Emergency

Gaza’s approaching winter is creating additional dangers for families already struggling to obtain enough food.

On October 16, the UN warns that nearly one million displaced Palestinians could face flooding, freezing conditions and continuing insecurity during the coming months.

A more specific OCHA assessment identified approximately 279,000 people living in flood-prone displacement sites or unsafe buildings. These figures describe different risk categories rather than conflicting estimates of the same population.

Undoubtedly, for displaced families, winter affects much more than shelter. Heavy rainfall can damage stored flour, contaminate food supplies and make outdoor cooking increasingly difficult. Flooded roads may also interrupt deliveries to temporary settlements already lacking proper drainage and sanitation.

Moreover, children suffering from malnutrition are especially vulnerable when cold temperatures, inadequate shelter and illness occur together.

So, the need for cooking fuel, nutritious meals, clean water, and weather-resistant food storage will therefore become increasingly urgent as temperatures fall.

Gaza Cannot Recover While Food Access Remains Uncertain

Unfortunately, Israel’s genocide has left Gaza with devastated farmland, damaged infrastructure, and an economy struggling to provide even the most basic necessities. The latest commercial supply interruption threatens to deepen that suffering just as winter introduces new challenges.

With more than 1.4 million people projected to face serious food insecurity, ensuring uninterrupted food supplies is an urgent humanitarian responsibility. Gaza’s recovery must begin with the ability of its population to obtain enough food without facing another genocide each time the crossings are disrupted.

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