From landfills pilling up into looming trash mountains and nano plastic already taking over the marine life, the world is drowning in its own trash. But how did we get here? How severe is the global garbage crisis? And is there a way out?
Global Garbage Crisis Entangled with Climate Change
In the age of climate change, the global garbage crisis has not failed to contribute its bit. As per the World Bank’s estimate, by 2050, global waste is expected to increase by 70%.
According to the most recent data from the Environmental Protection Agency, solid waste landfills rank as the third-largest source of methane emission in the US. In 2019, landfills contributed to 15% of the total methane emission, the emission amount equivalent to over 21.6 million passenger cars over the duration of one year.
“Humans generate an average of 4.5 trillion pounds of waste yearly. And the numbers are already on the trajectory of shooting off the roof. By 2050, global garbage is expected to exceed the 3.4 billion tonnes mark annually.”
World Bank
Furthermore, the ground reality differs from theory, and not every garbage recyclable on paper is actually recycled. For example, dry recyclable wastes, including cardboard, plastic, metal, glass, and paper, make up 38% of municipal waste. However, only 13.5% of this garbage is recycled globally, World Bank’s What a Waste 2.0.
Piling Up Textile Waste
Last month, shocking photographs of Chile’s Atacama desert surfaced on the internet, causing a stir among environmentalists. The images depicted our worldwide fast fashion concerns manifesting themselves in the world’s driest desert terrain.
The Iquique port in Northern Chile receives an estimated 59,000 metric tonnes of apparel, which resellers may purchase. Unfortunately, roughly 39,000 metric tonnes, the majority of it is dumped in the desert as garbage.
In the United States, over 85% of all textiles are discarded. Every year, 12.8 million tonnes of textiles are discarded in the United States.
The fashion industry is responsible for 10% of global greenhouse gas emissions, with textile production emitting 1.2 billion metric tonnes each year.
So, is keeping up with the latest trends worth it?
Global Waste Index 2022: Shocking Revelations
The GlobalWaste Index 2022 from Sensoneo depicts the still-struggling picture of waste management and recycling plants worldwide. The difference in how waste is produced and disposed of varies wildly across borders.
Analyzing the waste management efficiency of 38 major countries, the index ranked the biggest waste producer and polluters in 2021. Here are some shocking findings:
Turkey: The Boom of Illegal Waste Disposal
After three years, Turkey has again topped the list of the least environmentally friendly countries in terms of waste management. In 2019, no waste was recycled in the country.
However, according to official figures, about 47 kg per capita water was recycled in 2021. But despite the visible improvement over the years, annually, 176 kilograms per capita of garbage is illegally disposed of.
USA Drowning in Waste
The USA is leading the list, as the most waste generating country. The index highlighted that half of 811 kg of waste produced by each citizen ends up in landfills. While only 95 kgs of it are incinerated.
Compared to 2019, each US citizen is producing two kilograms more waste today. On the contrary, the amount of waste produced per capita in the UK has reduced by five kilograms per capita in the same period.
CC Image courtesy of Ivan Radic on Flickr
The waste products in the US have further increased as the pandemic skyrocketed the use of disposable items such as COVID rapid tests, medical masks, and more.
Many countries, including South Korea, Sweden, and Germany, like to boost their innovative and effective waste management systems. However, the plastic recycling rates can be misleading.
The measure of recycling waste is usually taken from the volume of waste disposed of in the recycling plant. But in reality, only a section of the waste is recycled through material recovery. After a lengthy sorting process, a small amount of the garbage is reusable. Whatever else remains is then incinerated.
For example, according to a pro-recycling organization based in Germany, Friends of the Earth, less than 16% of the recycled garbage is ever reused.
The Steps Toward Zero-Waste Tomorrow
Fortunately, not all hope is lost. New technology and environmentally friendly companies are trying to tackle the global garbage crisis.
Brands include Bin-E’s solution, ecoATM’s solution, Sense Network’s solution, and more are, pioneering companies bringing science and technology to the forefront of the global garbage crisis.
From managing industrial wastes and urban and rural areas, the proactive involvement of tech leaders in developing sustainable and profit-worthy products out of the trash can prove to be a game-changer in the long term.
Global Garbage Crisis: What is at Stake?
The harsh reality stands tall: less than 20% of our water is recycled annually. Single-use plastics are choking the oceans, touring landfills are intoxicating the soil, and millions are already suffering from serious health issues in the aftermath. Its effect on climate change is further pretty apparent.
The world population is shooting up the roof, and so is the garbage crisis. Though companies offer practical solutions, the end to the complex problem is still far away.
Shockingly, 47 women and girls are being killed in Gaza every single day. A recent UN report mentioned more than 38,000 women slaughtered by Israel during its heinous genocide. Previously, in 2024, the health ministry in Gaza estimated that 70% of those killed in the war were women and children.
Moreover, the impact on Gaza’s healthcare sector is so severe that death figures are hard to evaluate in real terms. This demonstrates the severity of the gender-based violence that Gaza’s residents are enduring, even after the so-called “ceasefire” in 2026.
Impact of Israel’s Genocide on Women and Girls
The UN Women’s report also documents almost 19,000 injured women and girls who have been permanently disabled from their injuries. The Head of Humanitarian Action at UN Women said: “This is the highest percentage in any conflict to date and the highest percentage of women killed in any conflict ever recorded.”
Several medical professionals who have practiced within the Gaza Strip have reported that most of the breastfeeding mothers have not been able to provide breastmilk for their child due to malnutrition, the loss of a loved one, or lack of medical care.
By early 2026, the official figures from the Ministry of Health in Gaza estimate more than 50,000 women have been killed, but this is most likely an underestimation due to the number of people left under rubble.
There is also credible evidence of sexual violence during the genocide. For instance, in a statement issued in 2024, the United Nations’ Special Representative regarding sexual violence during genocide called for an objective investigation of “credible allegations of sexual assault” of Palestinians in detention, including females being detained by the Israelis.
Maternal Health and Obstetric Care
Pregnant women and new mothers in Gaza are facing a severe maternal healthcare crisis. Hospital infrastructure continues to be bombed by Israeli airstrikes, leaving fewer resources available for providing maternal care. Maternal healthcare resources have also been severely limited, as well as the ability to respond to maternal emergencies.
Women who are giving birth to children are being exposed to an increased risk of maternal death. They are giving birth at healthcare centres that have been partially abolished and are unable to provide surgical intervention. Moreover, some hospitals that are still left lack basic tools such as anaesthesia. The World Health Organisation has been reporting that disruption to the delivery of healthcare and access to medical supplies is directly related to the peak hostilities in northern Gaza.
The UNFPA refers to the Gaza Strip as the most dangerous place in the world for a woman to give birth, due to the increase in the rate of infant mortality. It is reported that an average of 15 women give birth to children outside the hospital per week with no assistance, and if a woman can give birth in a hospital:
C-sections were being performed without anaesthesia in many places, as reported by MSF staff from field hospitals.
There was an increase in maternal deaths due to hospital closures because of a lack of electricity, surgical services, and staff.
Women’s Right to Food, Water, and Shelter in Gaza
The sieges and destruction of the infrastructure create immense problems for women in particular. Women and men have been forced into shelters with abysmal sanitation. Both UNFPA and UN Women have reported the lack of sanitary products, privacy, and safe water for washing in many displacement sites. These are not insignificant aspects, as for protracted displacement, lack of sanitation and hygiene infrastructure leads to illnesses, poor health, and increased vulnerability.
Additionally, numerous impacts have also occurred due to food insecurity. Pregnant and lactating women have been among the first affected by severe malnutrition. Nearly 790,000 womenand girls are living with crisis and catastrophic levels of food insecurity, according to UN Women.
Psychological services are also lacking since most people in Gaza suffer from trauma, according to the World Health Organisation (WHO). Women who have lost their husbands and multiple members of their families are experiencing major problems with their mental health.
Data Does Not Reveal the Suffering and Trauma of Gaza Women
A young Palestinian girl, Mona, described her mother and sister dying instantaneously due to a bomb, and she found “pieces of their bodies“. She reported herself being completely numb, and stories such as hers occurred throughout Gaza. Hind Rajab, a 5-year-old Palestinian girl, was shot 335 times by an Israeli tank. There are a lot of horrific stories of Gaza women.
In a nutshell, women’s rights in Gaza, broadly construed, have been assaulted not just by violence but by the destruction of mechanisms of health care, legal, and other services. This is the starting point for any objective assessment of this unprecedented genocide. It must be stopped before the atrocities of Israel and its allies start to engulf the entire world.
The situation in Sudan is now more than just another news story. The conflict, which broke out in April 2023, is now in its fourth year and has left tens of thousands dead, more than 14 million people displaced (nearly a quarter of the population), and pushed the country to the brink of famine. But beyond Sudan’s borders, the war is barely making headlines.
What started as an internal power struggle between two generals has descended into a bloody impasse, rending communities, decimating hospitals, and weaponizing food. Behind the conflict, there’s a bigger story: how this overlooked war is revealing the ugly divisions in the Muslim world. Rather than solidarity, we witness vested interests, selective muteness, and an idealised concept of Muslim unity replaced by geopolitics.
Sudan War 2026: What’s Happening?
The Sudanese war is a battle between two armies:
General Abdel Fattah al-Burhan’s Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF)
General Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo’s Rapid Support Forces (RSF), also known as “Hemedti.”
The RSF controls most of Darfur and Kordofan, and has solidified its control in most of Khartoum and its surroundings. Contrarily, the SAF controls the north and some of the east, and recently began counterattacks in Omdurman. Both sides are far from victory and the peace table. Humanitarian assistance is being looted and stolen. Furthermore, rape is being reported at a “catastrophic” rate.
There are more than 4.4 million refugees in neighbouring nations like Chad, South Sudan, and Egypt.
Over 21 million people are in need of humanitarian aid because of famine or malnutrition in areas such as El Fasher and Kadugli.
Hospitals and humanitarian assistance are also heavily affected by the conflict with the World Health Organization (WHO) reporting over 200 hospital attacks during the war.
What Caused the Civil War in Sudan?
There are three primary causes behind this unfortunate crisis as follows:
Competition and Conflict among Factions
The military forces in Sudan removed President Omar al-Bashir from power and established a transitional government council made up of two opposing armies, as mentioned earlier. The leaders of these two forces colluded to delay power to a civilian government in 2021, staging a coup.
Political Instability after Regime Change
A short-lived democracy ensued after the revolution of 2019. There were no leaders, parties were torn, and the international community was silent. When Bashir was pushed aside, institutions were filled with armed groups with guns and money.
Economic and Regional Inequalities
Sudan has a long history of disparities. There have been instances of discrimination and attacks on regions, such as Darfur. The poor areas suffered from inflation and a resource war, which ultimately divided Sudan.
Sudan has many resources, such as gold in Darfur and a beautiful Nile Valley. RSF had support in Darfur, whereas SAF in the north and east, as previously highlighted.
Who’s Financing the Conflict?
The other question is who finances the war in Sudan. This is a mixture of domestic and international sources. Funding sources include:
Natural resource funding: The RSF owns many of the gold mines that give it enough resources to fight.
Regional Powers: Some states are secretly helping SAF against the massive forces of RSF.
In short, the RSF is suspiciously linked with the United Arab Emirates, which is allegedly involved in arms and gold smuggling in Darfur. However, the UAE denies military aid, but is being sued by Sudan in the International Court of Justice. The RSF has mining profits and a government of the occupied territory. On the other hand, SAF has Egypt, the Nile, and the border. The legitimate government has the backing of Saudi Arabia and others.
Sudan and the Muslim World in Crisis
The Muslim world has been facing a multi-faceted crisis for the past two years that has similar patterns. There has been international intervention on a scale, wars for resources, failed or failing states, and the international community is divided to tackle the crises. Rather than consensus, there is disunity and division.
The nature of these crises is different, but the common thread is that there is no unity among Muslim-majority countries and organisations.
Israel is currently involved in genocidal activities like bombing and starving Gaza. The agreement between Lebanon and Israel was supposed to be kept, yet Lebanon remains vulnerable to attacks and is displaced from reconstruction.
Iran is recovering from the war with Israel and the US. It is suffering economically from sanctions, attacks, and trade issues.
Yemen and Syria continue to suffer from war, while Pakistan and Bangladesh have experienced political upheaval.
However, the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation has been unable to respond significantly to any of these events.
The Way Forward
Peace involves putting an end to combat and the cessation of fighting between opponents and allowing them to embrace reconciliation. The international community must adopt a new approach to the problem that would involve fewer arms and increased humanitarian aid.
Gaza and Sudan represent a case of uneven consensus among the Muslims. It is therefore the need of the hour to tackle all the challenges with the strong and practical notion of the Muslim Brotherhood.
It was supposed to be a ceasefire, but Gaza is still suffering. Since the ceasefire began at the end of 2025, UN agencies, independent observers, and even aid workers working to bring food to those in need have noted that aid is being blocked, and distribution points for food items are being deliberately targeted. Additionally, fuel and other essential items are being prevented from entering the state.
One-third of the population goes without food for days at a time, while more than 500,000 people are experiencing extreme famine conditions, and the remaining ones are facing emergency hunger conditions.
What is Engineering Starvation in Gaza?
Starving innocent civilians of food, water, and basic necessities for survival is a War Crime under international humanitarian law. An International Famine Review Committee report has reported that Gaza has been experiencing Famine (Phase 5) since August 2025.
Israel controls the flow of goods into Gaza. It also controls the basic infrastructure required for food systems to operate. Vehicles are restricted from entering certain points. The amount of humanitarian aid entering Gaza today is far less than the level needed to address basic humanitarian needs.
For instance, at least 500-600 trucks per day are required for their humanitarian needs. The lack of fuel is affecting the baking, cold storage, and water industries. They are unable to find suppliers that can meet their needs to keep their businesses running.
Moreover, farmland, greenhouses, and access to fishing have been destroyed or left inaccessible. Gaza’s internal food distribution network has been severely damaged.
Children Bear the Worst of It
Unfortunately, one in five children screened by UNICEF in August 2025 was acutely malnourished, and that number continues to rise.
Children fail to gain weight because their mothers are malnourished too and therefore unable to breastfeed them adequately. They live in a food-deprived environment where tea and bread are the only food available. A single biscuit has to be split into three pieces to survive the hunger crisis in Gaza.
A Fabricated Ceasefire
Apparently, the bombing slowed down, but the policy of starvation did not. There are restrictions on crossings, fuel, and other essentials, and the amount of aid into the Gaza Strip.
Deliberate starvation is being used as a weapon of war
The Reasons Behind These Atrocities
Israel is blatantly going against the norms of International Law, and it is not alone. The United States is also supporting it in doing these heinous atrocities. There are multiple checks to ensure this engineering starvation as follows:
Ultra-Restricted Crossings
The only crossing that is left is Rafah, which is also not completely operational. It is only being used for medical emergencies.
Deliberate Fuel Shortages
Fuel powers the whole food system, and when it remains unavailable:
Bakeries stop
Transport halts
Food rots before it reaches the market.
Damaged Infrastructure Due to the Genocide
Warehouses, roads, and storage facilities are either completely or partially damaged. Agricultural land has also been destroyed and is inaccessible. Moreover, fishing space is limited as well.
Complete Market Collapse
When supply falls, prices definitely go up. The food becomes unaffordable for the innocent Palestinians and their children.
The Human Cost
In many parts of Gaza, three meals are replaced with one meal, and even some families haven’t had food for days.
Children are malnourished, while parents make trade-offs every day:
Going without food so children can eat
Splitting a small piece amongst many
Waiting for hours for bread or aid
Health services are also under pressure, as malnutrition weakens the immune system. Disease spreads more easily, and people with chronic illnesses struggle to survive. Even after the ceasefire, 1.6 million people are still severely hungry.
Under the Scope of International Humanitarian Law
It is illegal under international law to even starve an enemy. The reports of UN experts and human-rights organisations have pointed out that blocking food and aid breaches the line.
The deliberations go on at the political and legal levels. The end effect is the same: civilians starve.
As per the data analysis:
Over 500,000 people are facing famine.
640,000 have been in catastrophic hunger
A third have gone for days without food.
Rates of child malnutrition have grown rapidly, doubling in months.
This will Go Beyond Gaza
Engineering Starvation will lead to a large hunger crisis in the state, and people will be dying due to famine. If we do not stop the starvation in Gaza, starvation will be used as a weapon in all other battles, and civilians will be viewed as “legitimate targets” caused by famine in the future.
While the ceasefire in Gaza may have apparently come to an end, hunger has certainly not, as the means to get food to the genocidal zone remain difficult. Israel and the United States, which advocate democracy and human rights, should realize the fact that even the life of a single child is important, and their policies will soon turn out to be unsuccessful.